Search results for "Risks and benefits"
showing 10 items of 10 documents
Inhaled steroids and prevalence of osteoporosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Data from the DACCORD cohort
2020
Introduction: Osteoporosis is a frequent COPD comorbidity with age, female gender, smoking, immobility and the use of oral steroids (OCS) as common risk factors. The role of inhaled steroids (ICS) is still under debate. Methods: Baseline data from the real life cohort DACCORD were analyzed. The diagnosis of osteoporosis was based on patients’ reports of physician-based diagnoses. Associations of ICS exposure at time of inclusion and osteoporosis were examined by group comparisons and multivariable logistic regression analyses with age, gender, smoking, exacerbation history (EH) and FEV1% as covariates. To avoid interactions with other steroid containing medications, exposure to any corticos…
Rationale and design of the CRAFT (Continuous ReAssessment with Flexible ExTension in Rare Malignancies) multicenter phase II trial.
2021
Background Approvals of cancer therapeutics are primarily disease entity specific. Current molecular diagnostic approaches frequently identify actionable alterations in rare cancers or rare subtypes of common cancers for which the corresponding treatments are not approved and unavailable within clinical trials due to entity-related eligibility criteria. Access may be negotiated with health insurances. However, approval rates vary, and critical information required for a scientific evaluation of treatment-associated risks and benefits is not systematically collected. Thus clinical trials with optimized patient selection and comprehensive molecular characterization are essential for translati…
Sociocognitive factors associated with nonadherence to medication after hospital discharge
2010
Poor adherence to prescribed medication is a well-known problem and continues to be a major challenge in all medical specialties. Unlike previous studies that have mainly focused on nonadherence behaviors in specific diseases, this study sought to examine socio-cognitive factors associated with nonadherence behavior in a sample of a general clinical population. A questionnaire investigating socio-demographic and cognitive factors and a telephone follow-up interview were administered to 84 patients recruited in a General Medicine Unit before their discharge. Half of the participants were informed about that follow-up procedure. One month after hospital discharge, 42% of uninformed patients r…
Rapid Weight Loss Habits before a Competition in Sambo Athletes
2021
Background: Like other combat sports, sambo has competition rules that divide athletes into categories based on gender, age and weight. Athletes in combat sports often resort to rapid weight loss (RWL) methods to be more competitive in lower weight categories and gain an advantage against lighter, smaller and weaker competitors. The aim of this study was to examine the methodology implemented by two different sambo age categories, junior and senior athletes, in order to attain RWL. Methods: The sample consisted of 103 male sambo elite athletes (seniors/juniors: age 28.5 ± 4.3/18.9 ± 0.8
Development of novel functional ingredients: Need for testing systems and solutions with Caenorhabditis elegans
2016
Abstract Background Nutrition is increasingly understood as a means of maintaining health and well-being and the market for functional foods keeps growing in double-digits. Functional nutrition is seen by many as the interphase between food and pharmaceuticals. In fact, players from both sides are increasingly making moves in the form of strategic alliances, M&A operations and co-investments which are bringing the two realms closer together. Food regulations to prove safety of novel ingredients or to support health claims are every day more stringent and the general public is also increasingly informed about the science, risks and benefits of what they eat. All this presents a magnificent o…
Cancer and Pregnancy: A Comprehensive Review
2021
Simple Summary The co-occurrence of cancer and pregnancy is fortunately a rare event. It is a challenging situation for all involved parties, as the risks and benefits of oncological treatments should be balanced for both the mother and the offspring. This work offers guidance to clinicians regarding the choice of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, as well as regarding the management of the pregnancy. Abstract Cancer diagnosis and treatment in pregnant women is a challenging situation. A multidisciplinary network of specialists is required to guide both, the expecting mother and the unborn child through the diagnostic workup and the cytotoxic therapy, by balancing the respective risks a…
Operative Therapie bei Genitaldeszensus der Frau: Pro und Kontra der Verwendung von Mesh-Materialien
2006
Die gegenwärtige Entwicklung unterschiedlicher Mesh-Materialien hat zu einer Verbesserung der individuellen operativen Sanierung des Genitalprolapses geführt. Makroporöse monofilamentäre synthetische Netze scheinen geeignet zur Verwendung beim Rezidivprolaps oder bei ausgeprägten Beckenbodeninsuffizienzen zu sein. Die Verwendung von biologischen Netzen zeigt eine deutlich bessere Verträglichkeit mit weniger Infektionen oder Erosionen, bislang ist jedoch nicht das Problem der langfristigen Haltbarkeit geklärt. Die operative Korrektur des Genitalprolapses muss alle Risiken und Nutzen zur Verbesserung der Lebensqualität abwägen, hier können Mesh- Materialien deutliche Vorteile gerade in der Re…
Uno studio sulla “dissenting opinion” con particolare riguardo all’esperienza del diritto inglese
2023
The essay explores the many means through which judicial dissent has traditionally made its way into the English legal system in order to be finally accepted as an ineliminable instrument that the minority has availed itself of to air its differing opinion, mostly in matters of general, public importance. So, the research is in the first place directed towards the identification of the different types of dissent and of the forms (even concurring) in which it may be shaped. Furthermore, the study involves the attempt to find out what reasons may underlie the expression of dissent and whether they may conceal some kind of idyiosincratic state of mind on the part of the dissenters. A view is a…
Risk-benefit in food safety and nutrition - outcome of the 2019 Parma Summer School
2021
Risk-benefit assessment is the comparison of the risk of a situation to its related benefits, i.e. a comparison of scenarios estimating the overall health impact. The risk–benefit analysis paradigm mirrors the classical risk analysis one: risk–benefit assessment goes hand-in-hand with risk–benefit management and risk–benefit communication. The various health effects associated with food consumption, together with the increasing demand for advice on healthy and safe diets, have led to the development of different research disciplines in food safety and nutrition. In this sense, there is a clear need for a holistic approach, including and comparing all of the relevant health risks and benefit…
Management of the paediatric airway: new developments
2006
During the last 2 years, some interesting new devices have been made available to improve airway management in children and infants, and several studies have advanced our understanding concerning risks and benefits of the current practice in the field. Certain risk factors for airway related problems during anaesthesia in children having a cold have been identified, and new aspects of the controversy concerning the use of cuffed endotracheal tubes in children presented. Novel video-assisted systems have been introduced for the management of the difficult airway in paediatric patients, and new applications for well known devices have been suggested, such as the laryngeal mask airway serving …